Valve for explosive-engines.



PATENTED OCT. 8, 1907.

J. S. ELVERSON. VALVE FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.6,1907.'

2 $HEETSSHEET 1 l/WENTUR nrromm.

WITNESSES:

h h I PATENTED OCT. 8, 1907. J. S. ELVERSON. VALVE FOR EXPLOSIVB ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6; 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' IIVVEN /%a: 1 A TTOR/VEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH S. ELVERSON, OF'CATASAUQUA, PENNSYLVANIA.

VALVE non. EXIPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

My invention has ielation' to valves for explosive engines; and in such bonnection it relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of tubular valves'a'nd manner of controlling entrance of the charge intothe explosion chambers of the engine.

The principal objects of my present invention are first, to soarrange the openings in the inlet valve of an explosive engine of the four cycle type as to insure a gradual entrance of the charge and sudden cut-off of the same; and second, toprovide the inlet valve of the engine with means adapted to permitof the sliding of said valve so as to control the charge entering the explosive chamber or'to cut off such charge from said chamber at the engine.

The nature and scope of my present invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings formingpart hereof, in which Figure 1, is a view illustrating partly .in longitudinal section and partly in elevation a four cylinder explosive engine, a tubular inlet valve arranged in the head of the engine and having openings arranged to be brought successively into alinement with openings communicating with the explosion chamber of the engine, means for rotating the tubular valves and means for sliding one of the valves in' the head of the engine," embracing in their embodiment, as defined, main features of my said invention. Fig. 2, is a sectional view, enlarged, on the line xx of Fig. 1, illustrating the inlet valve in a position to permit of the entrance oi a charge into the cylinder, and of the outlet valve closed, to prevent exit of the charge from the same. Fig. 3, is a detail view, illustrating a flat development of the contacting surfaces of the inlet valve and of the cylinder head and also showing openings of semi-circular outline, but in a reversed position with respect to each other, arranged therein; and Fig. 4, is a similar view of the outlet valve and cylinder with theopenings provided therein.

Referring to the drawings a, represents an explosive engine of themultiple-cylinder type, provided in the present instance with four cylinders a, a a and a, in each of which reciprocates a piston b. The pistons b. by means of piston-rods b, are connected with the crank-shaft c, the cranks c, of which are set at an angle of 180 apart. The cylinders a. a a and a, although separate and distinct from each other, are arranged in one casting and are closed at: their upper ends by a head Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 6,1907. Seridlllo. 865,977-

Patented Oct. 8, 1907.

a, preferably formed integral therewith. I n the head I a, and communicating with each of the explosion chamhers a, of the cylinders b, are arranged openings 11, and a of varying outline and size, the smaller one of which forms the inlet for the charge into the explosion chamber, while the larger opening a, serves to permit of the discharge of the products of combustion from the same. These 0 enin s a and a are controlled 'bv diameters; which, by the rotation of the valves (1 and d, are brought into and out of alinement with the ope nings a anda, arranged in each of the explosion chambers a. As shown in Fig; l, the openings in each of the valves (1 and d, are set at an angle of 90 apart, so that the same will be brought successively into alinement with the respective openings a and a, formed in the head a The openings d of the'inlet valve d, and the openings-a", of the head a, are preferably semi-circular in outline, but are reversed in their position with respect to each other, as shown in Fig. 3. By this arrangement of the openings d and a the curved por tions (1 and a, of the same, will first register with each other, thus forming an opening of substantially oval outline and of grad iially increasing and decreasing size, which, however, instantly cuts off the further entrance of the charge as soon as the straight portions d and a", are brought opposite each other. By this arrangement of, the openings the gradual. increasing size thereof is proportional to the distance of travel of the piston b,

through the suction action of which, the charge is drawn into the respective cylinders a, a a and a. Thus the suction action of the respective pistons are rendered uniform, and hence a predetermined amount of explosive mixture will be drawn into each oi the cylinders. If,: however, it becomes necessary to decrease the charge, this can be readily accomplished by sliding the inlet valved, in the head a, in which instance the openings a" and a, will change their position with respect to each other, and a corresponding smaller opening will be formed as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. By this decrease in the openings at and a, respectively, the amount of charge entering the cylinder b, can be regulated to a nicety or can be cut off entirely by merely sliding the inlet valve d, sufficiently far to prevent registering of its opening (P, with the opening'a", of the head a". In order to permit of a quick discharge of the products of combustion the openings (P, of the outlet valve. are preferably made oblong in outline, and comparatively large in size, which, when registering with the similar shaped openings a in the head a permit of the admission of the products of combustion into the valve d, and through the open end of the said valve, into a mufiier, not shown. The inlet valve 11, is rotated by a bevel-gear e, meshing with a bevel-gear a, which by means of a shaft e and bevel-gears e and e, is rotated by a crank-shafts, of the engines The rotary movement of the inlet valve d, is transmitted to the outlet valve d, by a gear-wheel f, meshing with a gear wheel f secured to the inlet valve d, asshown in Fig. 2. In order to permit of a shifting of the inlet valve d, in the head a the bevel-gear e, and the gearwheel f, are slidably secured thereto by keys 9 and 9 respectively. The preferred means for shifting the inlet valve (1. consists of a disk h, rigidly secured thereto. which is engaged by the. forked end i, of a bellcrank lever t', pivotally secured in the point P, to an arm carried by the head 11 of the engine. The bell crank lever i, is actuated by a rod 1', preferably terminating about the seat of the driver, in case the engine be used in an automobile.

In thepresent instance the tubular inlet valve (1, and outlet valve (1, have been shown in conjunction with a four-cylinder type of engine. However; these valves may be used with equally good results in a one-cylinder engine. The material of which these valves are constructed effectually resists heat and friction.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my said invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a head for closing the cylinder at one end and having a semi-circular opening, a valve having a semi-circular opening, reversed in respect to the opening of said head, said openings arranged when brought with their curved portions into alinement with each other to form combined, an opening of gradually increasing size.

2. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a head for closing the cylinder at one end and having a semi-circular opening, a valve having a semicircular opening reversed in respect to the opening of said head, said openings arranged when brought with their curved portions into alinement with each other to form combined an opening of gradually increasing size and when brought with their straight portions into alinement with each other to suddenly close the opening formed 3. In an explosive engine, a cylinder. a head [or closing 7 the cylinder at one end and having a semi-circular opening;

a valve having a semi-circular opening. reversed in respect to the opening of said head, said openings arranged when brought with their curved portions into alinement with each other to form combined an opening of gradually increasing size, and means for sliding the valve in th head, said valve arranged, when shifted, to permit a portion only of the opening to register with the opening of the head, or to prevent such registering.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JOSEIII S. ELVERSON.

Witnesses Anax. N. Unnrcn, .T. War/ran DOUGLAS. 

